Gilsum is a town in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 752 at the 2020 census. Home to Bear's Den Natural Area, Gilsum includes Gilsum Lower Village. The land was originally named "Boyle" after Richard Boyle, Earl of Burlington, when the land was granted by the Masonian Proprietors in 1752, but ongoing hostilities during th…Gilsum is a town in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 752 at the 2020 census. Home to Bear's Den Natural Area, Gilsum includes Gilsum Lower Village. The land was originally named "Boyle" after Richard Boyle, Earl of Burlington, when the land was granted by the Masonian Proprietors in 1752, but ongoing hostilities during the French and Indian War prevented settlement. When the grant lapsed, the town was rechartered by Governor Benning Wentworth on July 13, 1763, as Gilsum, in a portmanteau of the surnames of two proprietors, Samuel Gilbert and his son-in-law, Thomas Sumner. It was first settled in 1764 by Josiah Kilburn from Hebron, Connecticut.
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